##NEEDS RESEARCH

1900 census
1910 census
1920 census
1930 census

Among Sr Dolores Marie’s notes, hard to read, but looks like “Frank [Graves ??] adopted married Celina.” The “married Celina” line looks like it was written later. ##NEEDS RESEARCH.15 Could “Celina” be the “Silena” married to Frank Jr??1

1900 census: Born in “Germany.” Same for his M&D. Immigrated 1889 (same as 1920 census); lived in US 10 years. Naturalized in Pennsylvania? Can read, write, and speak English. Rents his farm.49

1910 census: Living on Division Road. Married 12 years. Born, like his parents, in “Ger. Germany” (as opposed to Ger. Poland or Ger Austria, as other entries are marked). Immigrated 1889, naturalized. Speaks English, is a farmer, can read & write. Now owns a farm instead of renting as he was in Platte 10 yrs before.211

1920 census: Owned own home. Frank imm 1889, Annie 1890, both naturalized. Frank naturalized 1902. Kids born in Nebraska. Frank’s parents born in Germany (West Prussia originally written, then crossed out). Frank born W Prussia (Germany originally written, crossed out and put West Prussia. Same with Anna’s Austria -- Germany noted first). Looks like they could be living on “Division” Road?? Difficult to read.48

1930 census: Spoke German in the home while growing up. Immigrated 1895 (ca age 28). Naturalized.43

“From Nebraska” on back of Sr Dolores’ photo. Came out for August’s funeral in April 1937.15

Living in Columbus NE at time of August’s death42

There is a “Banker Ruth” living in DeSmet SD mentioned in “The Long Winter” by Laura Ingalls Wilder. Could be no relation, but interesting to think there may have been a connection. The Long Winter took place in the early 1880s.1 Turns out not a connection: Banker Ruth was Thomas H. Ruth, a “young banker from Philadelphia, with his wife Laura.”212

1900 census
1910 census
1930 census

1900 census: shows her born in Nebraska along with her daughter Anna, though this must be a mistake. Her parents born in “Germany.” No date given for her immigration, though Frank’s is listed as 1889. Not naturalized. Can read & write but can’t speak English (so much for being born in Nebraska!).49

1910 census: Born in Austria, like her parents. Speaks German, not English. Can read & write. “No” occupation.211

1920 census: She and her parents born in Vienna (crossed out)/Austria. Still speaks German but can speak English now, too.213

Both parents born in Austria. Spoke German in the home while growing up. Immigrated 1900. Naturalized.43